The Federal Reserve plays a central role in financial markets and the economy, and its importance has only grown in recent decades. From the 2008 global financial crisis to the inflationary period of the past several years, investors have followed every Fed decision carefully. So, when leadership changes occur at the Fed, they naturally capture the attention of investors and the broader public. At the same time, it’s important to understand what the Fed does and does not control when it comes to long-term investing.
For much of the history of the stock market, investing was primarily about individual stocks and bonds. Over the past few decades, however, macroeconomic developments have increasingly influenced markets. Significant events, whether related to central bank policy, geopolitics, or global trade, now affect nearly all stocks across the market, regardless of their individual stories. For investors, this means that building modern portfolios is less about finding attractive stocks, and more about making asset allocation decisions that are aligned with financial goals.
The human brain is excellent at finding patterns, a skill that has evolved to help us across many parts of life. However, it can also lead us astray when there is no real pattern at all, such as when we see shapes in clouds and ink blots. When it comes to investing, this is relevant because some patterns are important, such as the long-term relationship between the market and the economy, while others may be due to pure coincidence. Distinguishing between what makes for interesting trivia versus true investing principles is a challenging but important part of achieving long-term financial success.
April's performance is a reminder that markets can experience strong rebounds even in the face of ongoing investor concerns. Despite the continuing war in the Middle East, major market indices climbed to new all-time highs during the month. The S&P 500 gained 10.4% in April alone, one of its strongest monthly performances in history. On the surface, this echoes last year’s tariff-driven volatility and market rebound.
It has now been more than three-and-a-half years since the bull market began in October 2022. At that time, inflation was rising at its fastest pace in fifty years, the Fed was hiking interest rates, and ChatGPT was still a month away from being released to the public. Since then, the S&P 500 has more than doubled in value and the Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond index has fully recovered.
Rainer Wealth Management
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